epilepsija.org

[matej_g]

V znanstvenih krogih je bilo že kar nekaj napisanega o povezavi vsebnosti maščobnih kislin v hrani v povezavi z delovanjem možganov in epilepsijo. Bili so sicer nekateri poizkusi na podganah, ki so pokazali, da uživanje maščobnih kislin v razmerju alfa linolenska / linolna = 1 / 4 pozitivno vpliva na možgane v smislu preprečitve epileptičnih napadov. Naj opozorim, da iz neznanih razlogov eksperimentov z ljudmi, obolelimi za epilepsijo ni bilo, so pa nakazani in dokazani mehanizmi delovanja maščobnih kislin v možganih, navsezadnje so naši možgani sestavljeni iz velikega deleža maščobnih kislin.
Alfa-linoleska kislina je predstavnica n-3 polinenasičenih maščobnih kislin. Delež le-teh se v zadnjem času zmanjšuje, povečuje pa se delež n-6 polinenasičenih m.k., ki z njimi tekmujejo pri absorpciji. Apeliram, da ljudje, ki imate epilepsijo nekoliko pobrskate po prehranskih dodatkih, ki vsebujejo n-3 maščobne kisline, ribjem olju ipd.

Literatura:

Fatty Acids - Physiological and Behavioral Functions, D. Mostofsky et al., 2001.

Yehuda S, Carasso RL, Mostofsky DI. Essential fatty acid preparation (SR-3) raises the seizure threshold in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 1994; 254:193–198.

Albus H, Williamson R. Electrophysiologic analysis of the actions of valproate on pyramidal neurons in the rat hippocampal slice. Epilepsia 1998; 39(2):124–139.

Fink M, Lesage F, Duprat F, Heurteaux C, Reyes R, Fosset M, Lazdunski M. A neuronal two P domain K
channel stimulated by arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The EMBO Journal 1998; 17:3297–3308.

Godoy CM, Cukierman S. Multiple effects of protein kinase C activators on Na+ currents in mouse neuroblastoma cells. J Membr Biol 1994; 140(2):101–110.

Hamano H, Nabekura J, Nishikawa M, Ogawa T. Docosahexaenoic acid reduces GABA response in substantia nigra neuron of rat. J Neurophysiol 1996; 75:1264–1270.

[matej_g]

add. Zadnja 4 gradiva so kot dopolnitev, bistvo pa je v prvih dveh.

[matej_g]

Še malo o manganu in epilepsiji:

Manganese is fundamental for neuronal development and function. It penetrates cerebral extracellular liquid in two forms: Mn 2+ and Mn 3+.There,especiallyasMn
3+ , it may combine with transferrin secreted by oligodendrocytes, and can be found in bound or nonbound form.

Alterations in manganese concentrations, whether excessive or deficient, can be accompanied by convulsions (Grant, 2004). The effects of manganese intoxication, or manganism, are well known, and are clinically similar to Parkinson's, due to alterations in dopamine, glutamate and GABA regulatory systems (Elsner and Spangler, 2005).
Apparently, the first article explicitly relating manganese and epilepsy was published in 1938 (Griffiths and Fox, 1938). Since then, there have been several reports relevant to a possible association between manganese and the occurrence and treatment of epilepsy

Carl et al. (1986) compared 44 epilepsy patients (17 men and 27 women) with 44 controls (17 men and 27 women) and determined that manganese blood levels were significantly lower in the patients than in the control group.

The study by Papavasiliou et al. (1979) comprised 24 :( controls (6 women, 18 men) and 52 patients with different types of epilepsy who were undergoing anticonvulsive treatment (30 women and 22 men), as well as 6 blood relatives of these patients (3 men, 3 women). They found significantly lower blood Mn concentrations in patients than in controls. Mn concentrations in hair were not significantly different between groups.

Sohler and Pfeiffer (1979) studied 19 individuals with epilepsy and 19 controls. They found statistically significant differences between groups with lower manganese whole blood levels in epileptics. Mn concentrations in hematocrit were not significantly different between groups.

Članek:

Manganese and epilepsy: A systematic review of the literature, Rodrigo E. Gonzalez-Reyes, Angela M. Gutierrez-Alvarez , Carlos B. Moreno
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
Available online 12 December 2006

[matej_g]

4.3. Valproate Actions and Phospholipids

Valproate is a fatty acid that was initially developed as an antiepileptic agent. It seems very likely that it works by interfering with phospholipid-related signal transduction systems, a theme which has been developed by Manji and colleagues (Manji et al., 1999; Manji et al., 1999).

8. SYNERGISTIC ACTION OF PUFA

Nevertheless, there are some exciting avenues to explore, of which one is the already mentioned possible role of PUFAs in the ketogenic diet, as is covered in Chapter 17. Another aspect is the enhancement of the action of conventional drugs by nanomolar concentrations of PUFAs. This interesting phenomenon was observed at very low doses
of PUFAs. Figure 7A gives an example where 15 Mcarbamazepine shifted the voltage dependence of the sodium current steady-state inactivation by 5.4 mV to more hyperpolarized levels. The addition of 0.5 M EPA almost doubled this shift, without affecting the slope of the curve. When tested in isolation, this dose of EPA was without discernible effect (see Fig. 5B). This overadditive or synergistic effect was also found for DHA (not shown). In a similar fashion, subthreshold levels of the two-branched fatty acid valproic acid (100 M) boosted the effect of 15 Mcarbamazepine or 10 Mphenytoin on the V
of sodium currents (M. Vreugdenhil, unpublished data). This synergistic action of valproic acid in vitro was confirmed in vivo in the cortical stimulation model for anticonvulsant action of drugs: subthreshold doses of valproic acid significantly boosted the anticonvulsant effect of phenytoin (Della Paschoa, Kruk, Hamstra, Voskuyl & Danhof, 1998).
We determined the synergistic effect of 0.5 MEPA on 15 Mcarbamazepine in CA1 neurons from healthy rats, in CA1 neurons isolated from the hippocampus surgically removed from patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, and in neocortical pyramidal neurons from the same patients (for details on methods, see Vreugdenhil & Wadman, 1999). Figure 7B shows a clear relation between the shift in the inactivation curve induced by 15 Mcarbamazepine and the additional shift induced on top of 0.5 M EPA. This suggests that the effect of a therapeutically relevant dose of carbamazepine can be boosted by subthreshold levels of PUFAs.
This knowledge might be relevant for those epilepsy patients who need intolerably high doses of antiepileptic drugs to control their seizures. The shift in inactivation curve induced by 15 M carbamazepine in CA1 neurons from the hippocampus of epileptic patients with hippocampal sclerosis (Vreugdenhil et al., 2000), as well as in CA1 neurons from chronic epileptic (kindled) rats (Vreugdenhil & Wadman, 1999), was smaller than that in CA1 cells from healthy rats (Fig. 7B). Instead of doubling the dose of carbamazepine, very low concentrations of PUFAs might provide the shift required for seizure control. The other way around, the success of treatment with antiepileptic drugs like carbamazepine might depend on PUFA levels in the brain, which can vary considerably, according to diet (de Logeril et al., 1994) and metabolism. This synergistic action may provide a basis for developing rational polytherapy of PUFAs and carbamazepine or phenytoin.

VIR: Fatty Acids - Physiological and Behavioral Functions, D. Mostofsky et al., 2001

[neja]

Pozdravljen Matej g!

Hvala, da prikažete razne članke v zvezi z epi. Naprošam pa vas, da glede da so to članki v angleščini, z veliko strokovnimi izrazi, katere si lahko napačno razlagamo, če je možno, naredite zelo kratek in bistven povzetek napisanega.

Če imate seveda čas in voljo! V naprej hvala Neja

[matej_g]

za urejene prevode bi potreboval kar nekaj časa, ker je gradiva veliko. Načlanke sem slučajno naletel pri pisanju diplomske naloge. Tu bi se še zahvalil dr. Lorberju za podporo. Članki, ki jih posredujem so v angleščini in uka željni ljudje boste uporabili google prevajalnik, v katerega se da vnesti (copy/paste) celotne stavke in tudi odstavke in prevede na nek, recimo temu smiselen in strokoven način. Glede nato, da ni bilo do zdaj nič odziva, sem tudi smatral kot da stvar ni interesantna. Tisti pa, ki samo tu in tam malo povohajo pa grejo mimo... kaj pa vem. Zahvala gre tudi Ligi proti epilepsiji da omogoča brezplačno članstvo v forumu. Pogrešam možnost dodajanja priponk. Imam kar nekaj e-knjig o epilepsiji (pdf) in v kolikor bi bila ta opcija omogočena, bi jih dal v priponko. Sicer pa se da z P2P programi,npr e-mulo take knjige prenesti enostavno iz interneta.

[Mimi]

MATEJ!
Jaz sem prav vesela,da kaj takega najdete in da tukaj objavite.Mene te stvari zelo zanimajo,res pa je da me angl.malo muči, pa se potem že znajdem.Včasih potem kakšno stvar tudi sprobamo npr.,sedaj dajem hčeri tabletke omega3,saj prej sploh nisem vedela,da ima vpliv tudi na možgane.V lekarni so mi svetovali tudi svetlinovo olje,pa sem nekje prebrala,da lahko poveča število epi.napadov.
Kar tako naprej!
LP

[EPI-STIL]

Naj še jaz dodam eno zanimivost - Germanij kapsule kot dodatek k prehrani.
Spodnjo povezavo mi je posredoval prijatelj, ki te kapsule jemlje že eno leto in peravi da se dosti bolje počuti.

http://www.ednevnik.si/?w=REVITALIZACIJA

Germanij dovaja več kisika v same celice našega organizma, tudi v možganske celice.

Poglejte si tudi :(, meni je bilo zelo zanimiv.
Naj se vsak odloči po lastni presoji, jaz sem že naročil za pokušino.

[Mimi]

Zanimajo me kakšne imate izkušnje ob uživanju Germanija.
Hvala in LP

[ljubljancan]

Sodeč po spletni strani gre za nateg.
Predstavljen kot čudežno zdravilo, ki zdravi vse.
Cel kup sklicevanj na raziskave. Viri niso navedeni.
Drage kapusle (1€/kapsulo)
Grda spletna stran

[EPI-STIL]

Dragi "ljubljančan", edini nateg je to, da je uradna medicina takorekoč v slepi ulici - in velik del podlegla farmacevtskom lobiju.
Matični mleček ni ČUDEŽNO ZDRAVILO, je pač hrana ki naše celice nahrani z vsemi potrebnimi. Najprej preizkusi in šele potem obsodi.

[ljubljancan]

Hm, a zdaj smo pri matičnem mlečku ali pri germaniju? A ne gre za različni stvari?

Sorry, ampak se strinjam, da je farmacevtski lobi izjemno močan in da vpliva tudi na medicino. Ampak odgovor ni v raznih homeopatijah, čang šlangih, lanenih oljih in podobnem.

Lahko me seveda prepričaš, ne trdim, da imam prav. Ampak izključno z referencami na double-blind študije, objavljene v resnih znanstvenih revijah.

[EPI-STIL]

[ljubljancan]

Ok, se ne bova več kregala, me veseli, da ti pomaga...hočem samo reči, da dejstvo, da v uradni farmaciji/medicini obstajajo močni lobiji še ne pomeni, da je alternativa nujno dosti boljša. Prej obratno: uradna medicina/farmacija je moćno regulirana, medtem ko alternativa ni.

[EPI-STIL]

Ne, ne kregava se, nekaj pa le morava razjasniti. Jaz nikjer nisem omenjal, da je Germanij ali matični mleček ALTERNATIVA ali zdravilo. Vedno in povsod povdarjam, da je to le dodatek k prehrani (kot sol, vitamini,...). So pa to tako kvalitetni dodatki (zaradi svojega izvora in sestavin), da občutno izboljša odpornost organizmu (imunski sistem) , ta pa je kot vemo izrednega pomena pri premagovanju vsake bolezni.
Strinjam se, da je uradna medicina/farmacija moćno regulirana in to ima svoj namen - zdravljenje pacienta.
Zdravljenje, je nedovršnik ( enkrat pacient - za vedno pacient).

Vidim, da sem ostal dolžan še en odgovor. "Grda spletna stran" - raje vidm kvalitetno hrano servirano v glinasti črep, kakor neokusno, nezdravo, škodljivo,... na zlatem krožniku.